China Wafer Vagadziri, Suppliers, Factory
Chii chinonzi semiconductor wafer?
Semiconductor wafer idete, rakatenderera chidimbu che semiconductor zvinhu zvinoshanda sehwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemaseketi akabatanidzwa (ICs) uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Iyo wafer inopa yakadzika uye yunifomu pamusoro payo pane akasiyana emagetsi zvikamu zvakavakwa.
Iyo wafer yekugadzira maitiro inosanganisira akati wandei, kusanganisira kukura imwe hombe kristaro yeinodiwa semiconductor zvinhu, kucheka kristaro kuita zvitete zvitete uchishandisa saha yedhaimani, uyezve kupukuta nekuchenesa mawafers kubvisa chero hurema hwepamusoro kana tsvina. Iwo mawafer anozobuda ane nzvimbo yakati sandara uye yakatsetseka, iyo yakakosha kune inotevera nzira yekugadzira.
Kana mawafer agadzirwa, anopinda akateedzana ekugadzira semiconductor maitiro, senge photolithography, etching, deposition, uye doping, kugadzira iwo akaomarara mapatani uye akaturikidzana anodiwa kuvaka zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Aya maitiro anodzokororwa kakawanda pane imwechete wafer kugadzira akawanda akabatanidzwa maseketi kana zvimwe zvishandiso.
Mushure mekunge maitiro ekugadzira apera, machipisi ega anopatsanurwa nekucheka wafer pamwe nemitsara yakafanotaurwa. Iwo akapatsanurwa machipisi anozoiswa mukati kuti avadzivirire uye nekupa magetsi ekubatanidza mumidziyo yemagetsi.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana pawafer
Semiconductor wafers anonyanya kugadzirwa kubva kune imwe-crystal silicon nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo, yakanakisa magetsi zvivakwa, uye kuenderana neyakajairwa semiconductor yekugadzira maitiro. Nekudaro, zvichienderana nemashandisirwo chaiwo uye zvinodiwa, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira wafers. Heino mimwe mienzaniso:
Silicon carbide (SiC) yakafara bandgap semiconductor zvinhu zvinopa zvemhando yepamusoro zvivakwa zvichienzaniswa nemidziyo yechinyakare. Inobatsira kuderedza saizi uye huremu hwemidziyo yakasarudzika, mamodule, uye kunyangwe masisitimu ese, uku uchivandudza kugona.
Hunhu hwakakosha hweSiC:
- -Wide Bandgap:SiC's bandgap ingangoita katatu iyo yesilicon, ichiibvumira kushanda patembiricha yepamusoro, kusvika ku400°C.
- -Yakanyanya Yakanyanya Kuparara Munda:SiC inogona kumira kusvika kagumi pamunda wemagetsi wesilicon, ichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune yakakwira-voltage zvishandiso.
- - High Thermal Conductivity:SiC inonyatso bvisa kupisa, kubatsira zvishandiso kuchengetedza zvakakwana tembiricha yekushandisa uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwazvo.
- -Yakakwirira Saturation Electron Drift Velocity:Iine kaviri kukukurwa kwesilicon, SiC inogonesa yakakwirira switching frequency, ichibatsira muminiaturization yekushandisa.
Applications:
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-Magetsi emagetsi:SiC magetsi maturusi akanakisa mu-high-voltage, yakakwira-ikozvino, yakakwirira-tembiricha, uye yakakwirira-frequency nharaunda, inosimudzira zvakanyanya shanduko yesimba. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzemagetsi, zviteshi zvekuchaja, photovoltaic masisitimu, kutakura njanji, uye smart grids.
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-Microwave Communications:SiC-based GaN RF zvishandiso zvakakosha kune isina waya yekutaurirana masisitimu, kunyanya kune 5G base zviteshi. Midziyo iyi inosanganisa SiC's yakanakisa kupisa conductivity neGaN's high-frequency, high-power RF kubuda, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakasarudzika yechizvarwa chinotevera high-frequency telecom network.
Gallium nitride (GaN)chizvarwa chechitatu-yakafara bandgap semiconductor zvinhu zvine bandgap hombe, yakakwirira yekupisa conductivity, yakakwira maerekitironi saturation drift velocity, uye yakanakisa kuputsika kwemunda maitiro. Zvishandiso zveGaN zvine tarisiro yakafara yekushandiswa munzvimbo dzakakwirira-frequency, dzinomhanya-mhanya, uye nzvimbo dzine simba repamusoro senge LED inochengetedza magetsi, laser projection displays, mota dzemagetsi, smart grids, uye 5G communications.
Gallium arsenide (GaAs)chinhu chesemiconductor chinozivikanwa nekukwira kwayo, yakakwira maerekitironi kufamba, yakakwira simba kubuda, ruzha rwakaderera, uye mutsara wakanaka. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune optoelectronics uye microelectronics maindasitiri. Mune optoelectronics, maGaAs substrates anoshandiswa kugadzira LED (light-emitting diodes), LD (laser diodes), uye photovoltaic zvishandiso. Mune microelectronics, vanoshandirwa mukugadzira maMESFET (metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors), HEMTs (high electron mobility transistors), HBTs (heterojunction bipolar transistors), ICs (integrated circuits), microwave diodes, uye Hall effect zvishandiso.
Indium phosphide (InP)ndiyo imwe yeakakosha III-V kompani semiconductors, inozivikanwa nekukwirira kwayo kwerekitironi kufamba, yakanakisa kupikisa mwaranzi, uye yakakura bandgap. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu optoelectronics uye microelectronics maindasitiri.
